EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine)
Protocol
Runtime that executes smart contracts on EVM chains.
The EVM defines bytecode, gas accounting, and execution semantics for smart contracts on Ethereum and compatible chains. EVM compatibility enables tooling and code reuse across ecosystems.
Frequently asked questions
What does EVM‑compatibility mean?
A chain can execute EVM bytecode and supports similar opcode semantics, enabling reuse of Solidity contracts and tooling.Why does gas cost vary by opcode?
Each opcode has a gas cost reflecting expected computation or storage use; pricing helps prevent DoS and aligns resource usage with fees.How do L2s affect EVM semantics?
Most L2s aim for EVM equivalence/compatibility, but precompiles, gas, and environment (chain ID, base fee) can differ — check provider docs.